Cholesterol forms an essential component of cell membranes that is requisite for performing multiple body functions. This is typically generated by liver when the food rich in oil and fat get digested by the digestive system. In blood, cholesterol appears mainly in two forms, the good form called the HDL cholesterol and bad form called the LDL cholesterol. It is essentially delivered to the living cells in the body via the stream of blood. The minute particles of LDL cholesterol attach themselves to the site of the receptors, the targeted cells, which are then absorbed by the body. The body produces a gene by the name, LDLR gene which efficiently controls the production of the receptors. At times, the LDLR gene undergoes mutation which changes the structure of the receptors as well. This condition is called Familial hypercholesterolemia. When the mutated gene gets inherited, the offspring too faces high cholesterol level. This child develops the symptoms of high cholesterol right at a very young age. In most of the cases, the child inherits this gene from one of the parents. However, in most uncommon cases, the child is found to inherit this gene from both the parents. It is observed that around 50 per cent of male children who inherit the mutated gene develop a severe coronary artery disease before the age of 50.